Different methods of coal mining is adapted to dig the earth's natural carbon. Among them, the open method is applied to the coal production of about almost 40% worldwide. Coal deposits found on the surface of the earth and make it easier for coal, the miners. The various types of coal mines are contour, mountaintop removal and strip mining.
open pit mining to be adopted in the areas, which has leveled the landscape. Coal is the exposed surface when the soil covering them is removed in strips. When all the hidden land is removed from the surface of the coal beneath is exposed. Appear in blocks and are usually extracted either by drilling or blasting. Once the belt is free of carbon and empty, the process of strip mining continues with the next strip lying next to the old.
The outline of mining is used to remove carbon from the coating following the contours that lie along the crest of a hill or a landscape. The more common use for this type of mining are areas of steep terrain tread. This method can create problems of erosion and landslides. Using freshly cut debris to fill mined areas corrects these problems. open pit mining has its own limitations and when the process of open pit mining extraction ratio reaches a specific, can not generate a profit when it continued.
removal coal mining mountaintop can be understood by its name. Removing the exposed mountaintop coal. This method also involves the removal of debris from mining that is associated with mountaintop removal on nearby valleys. This method is a combination of methods of area and contour strip mining. This process generates adverse changes in the topography and the creation of the head of the hollow hills and filling valleys with mining waste.
Latest opencast methods may reveal a higher proportion of deposits of coal underground mining methods.
mining to underground mining or applied to coal that was dug beneath the surface of the earth. The main forms of continuous underground mining are longwall, cut short, Retirement and Mining Blast.
longwall mining method is adopted for 50% of underground mining. This method is a complex machine with a rotating drum that swings back and forth mechanically coal deposit. This method of producing high performance and ensure safety. This method has sensors that can detect the amount of coal in the rest of the seam and robotic controls enhance efficiency of the process.
continuous mining method is applied for about 45% in underground coal mining. The machine used in this method has a large steel drum is provided with tungsten carbide teeth to extract coal from the seam.
Mining explosion occupies less than 5% of all underground mining in the U.S.. Explosives are used to break the coal seam in this method. The coal is collected and transported to the central area with the conveyor or shuttle cars.
pit mining 1% short covering and the method is similar to longwall mining. Withdrawal method of mining used at the expense of coal pillar or support the mine roof. This is the most dangerous because it involves a risk of falling from roofs that can trap or crush the workers at the mine.