Sunday, September 26, 2010

Manual Handling

Manual handling occurs in a variety of situations. It can be as simple as changing vehicle tyres, carrying rock samples, handling drill rods, etc. Consideration should be given to eliminating manual handling where possible. In all cases proper equipment should be provided to reduce the amount of lifting required. Everyone must be instructed in the correct methods of lifting and the use of different tools for each job.

Prevention of hand injuries
Cuts, bruising and crush injuries to hands and fingers can be reduced by:
• training in the correct methods for using hand tools
• using the right tools for the job
• maintaining hand tools in good clean condition
• stacking materials securely, particularly tubular materials which can roll
• providing guards on moving machinery
• using the right gloves to suit the job
• providing clean and clear work areas and storage places
• providing tools for handling rods or casing when possible
• using correct procedures and good coordination when handling drill bits, core barrels, drill rods, etc. during drilling operations
• removing burrs from rod threads.

Manual handling and lifting
Training for manual handling should include information on:
• the effects of lifting, stretching, twisting and bending on the body
• correct posture and lifting techniques
• arrangement of work and storage areas to reduce risks from manual handling
• methods of team lifting
• use of aids to improve lifting safety
• personal protective equipment.

Where possible mechanical handling devices should be used. These can include:
• small hoists on the back of utilities and tray top vehicles
• tools for moving, lifting and opening fuel drums
• sharp crowbars to act as levers
• carrying frames to assist better posture
• stands and platforms for stacking equipment
• trolleys, hand trucks and forklifts
• automatic rod handling on drill rigs.

Because of the variety of materials being manually handled during exploration activities, it is not possible to provide specific advice for individual tasks. It is important, however, that common general principles are used to reduce the incidence of sprains, strains and general musculo-skeletal injuries from manual handling.

The following general principles should be incorporated into the design of the workplace and any plant and equipment:
• minimise the lifting and lowering forces exerted
• avoid the need for bending, twisting and reaching movements
• reduce pushing, pulling, carrying and holding.

Aspects to be considered when laying out the workplace or drill site include:
• workplace layout and general environment, including conditions underfoot
• size, surface characteristics, shape, stability and weight of objects
• vertical and horizontal movements involved
• work postures and space requirements.

For major tasks or long-term continuous jobs such as drilling, it is advisable to:
• identify the manual handling tasks likely to be a risk
• assess the risk by standard risk assessment procedures which analyse all aspects of the job
• control the risk by job redesign, use of mechanical equipment, and proper training.
Useful guidance can be obtained from the Workplace Health and Safety Division’s Advisory standard—manual tasks.